Technical order 32-1-2 use of hand tools

NIOSH studied workers exposed to hand-arm vibration from pneumatic chipping hammers and grinders at two foundries and a shipyard. Workers in the foundries and the shipyard who had never used vibrating hand tools comprised the control group.

Workers in the exposed groups were in the same work locations as the control workers, and were exposed to vibrating hand tools while on the job. A physician on the research team who had extensive experience in the diagnosis of vibration syndrome examined each worker in the double blind study. Based on clinical observation and interview, each worker was placed in one of the stages shown in Table 1.

Neither the worker nor the physician was told if a worker was classified as exposed or control. Table 3 displays prevalence of vibration syndrome by stage among the workers.

Table 3. Workers [7]. These data demonstrate the potential seriousness of vibration syndrome in foundries and shipyards and by implication in other workplaces where there are similar tools and operations. There is a direct relationship between years exposed and severity of vibration syndrome.

This relationship in foundry workers is demonstrated in Table 4. A similar relationship was observed among shipyard workers Table 5. Table 4. Workers [ 7 ]. Table 5. NIOSH also analyzed the length of time between initial occupational exposure and the onset of symptoms.

This is given for each stage in Table 6. The average time for the appearance of blanching, advanced vibration syndrome of stage 1 or greater severity, for foundry workers was 2 years, and for shipyard workers it was 17 years. There is no definitive explanation for this difference.

One theory attributes the difference to variations in work practices. Table 6. Although the symptoms of vibration syndrome have also been associated with smoking and age, these associations were not seen in the study. In Pecora et al. Ashe and coworkers reported on a small number of drillers from the hard rock mines of Saskatchewan, Canada, seven of whom were examined in the hospital. In the worst cases, there was extensive damage to the digital artery with narrowing of the blood vessels.

This investigation demonstrated that prolonged exposure to vibration could lead to extensive pathological damage to the digital arteries of the fingers. In the United States, Taylor et al. All studies found significant evidence of vibration syndrome. The exact point at which vibration syndrome becomes irreversible has not been firmly established. Recently Taylor et al. Vibration syndrome was less prevalent in workers who used only anti-vibration saws than among workers who used other types of saws.

In addition, users of anti-vibration saws had an overall decrease in severity of the syndrome. The results of studies such as this have led to the redesign of other tools to reduce the degree of vibration. Despite considerable research, little is known about the physiological basis of vibration syndrome or which specific vibration parameters, such as acceleration, frequency spectrum, or energy transferred to the hand, are the most necessary to control.

The progressive stages of vibration syndrome arise from the cumulative effect of vibration-induced trauma to the hands from the regular, prolonged use of vibrating handtools in certain occupations.

Only recently have methods been developed to perform reproducible vibration measurements. For tools with high acceleration rates, such as chippers, the accelerometer was mounted in a fixture which was welded to the chisel.

Measuring devices were calibrated before and after each measurement. The reader is referred to that document. However, due to the difficulty of measuring vibration exposure and the lack of a quantitative relationship between vibration levels and health effects, the ISO draft standard has yet to be accepted in the United States and several other countries. Students receive exclusive discounts on Snap-on tools while they complete their program, allowing them to start building a set of professional level tools they are expected to have when applying for jobs.

UTI stands behind the quality of Snap-on tools and equipment. With so many different tools out there, it can be overwhelming to know where to start. This is also true for the automotive industry! However, at the professional level, technicians are expected to complete their work in a certain time period with a high level of accuracy.

Having the right tools is essential to being able to do this. This is where building a high-quality tool set that includes the essentials comes into play. The following tool lists were put together under the guidance of industry professionals, such as dealership service managers, auto service center store managers and automotive business owners who employ UTI grads.

This list is designed to be a starting point for an automotive technician going to work in a new car dealership. Each OEM auto manufacturer has their unique tools, and those items can be added under the guidance of a Snap-on Education Representative.

The following tools are categorized by item name and item description and can be purchased from sep. This list is designed to support a new technician starting as a general automotive technician working at an automotive service franchise, dealership or independent repair shop.

These techs need to be prepared to service late model vehicles, but might also need SAE sizes to service older vehicles and equipment. So when should you start building your tool set?

Having a core set of tools before you leave school is essential when applying for your first job in the industry. Snap-on offers a very wide range of starter tool set options. They offer over 40 tool set configurations designed to support almost anyone starting their career in the transportation service industry.

Professional level automotive tools are designed to last. The tools Snap-on manufacturers are engineered to last technicians the entirety of their career and perform with the highest level of accuracy and durability. The only reason you would have to replace a tool is if it were lost or the technology changed. Ready to start training for a career in the automotive industry?

To learn more, visit our program page and request information today. Is there a difference between a mechanic and an automotive technician? We try to settle the debate.

You can work as a mechanic without ASE certification, but having it distinguishes you from other technicians. It also could help improve employability.

What if we told you that experience working on cars, trucks, motorcycles, and boats prior to starting classes at UTI does not determine your success as a student? This rate excludes graduates not available for employment because of continuing education, military service, health, incarceration, death or international student status. The rate includes graduates who completed manufacturer-specific advanced training programs and those employed in positions that were obtained before or during their UTI education, where the primary job duties after graduation align with the educational and training objectives of the program.

UTI is an educational institution and cannot guarantee employment or salary. Individual circumstances and wages depend on personal credentials and economic factors. Work experience, industry certifications, the location of the employer and their compensation programs affect wages. Awards vary due to specific conditions, criteria and state.

Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections , www. Job openings include openings due to growth and net replacements. Special conditions may apply. Talk to potential employers to learn more about the programs available in your area. Programs available at select locations. Department of Veterans Affairs VA. More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at the official U. Entry-level salaries may be lower. UTI programs prepare graduates for careers in industries using the provided training, primarily as automotive technicians.

Learn more. On 44 pages, the promotion offers a wide range of selected new products and GEDORE has a wide portfolio of efficient pliers in its range, from all-rounders to special tools, which are optimally adapted to their respective area of For all the projects, the motto in the workshop is: Order for Info, Instructions, Tips. A rule of thumb says: From Easter to October, summer tyres belong on it, after that winter tyres are mounted again. Tool Hero story.